VNC是一个远程桌面协议。按照本文的说明进行操作可以实现用VNC对Ubuntu 20.04进行远程控制。一般的VNC安装方式在主机没有插显示器的时候是无法使用的。下面的操作可以在主机有显示器和没有显示器时都能够正常工作。
首先安装x11vnc
sudo apt-get install x11vnc -y
设置vnc密码
sudo x11vnc -storepasswd /etc/x11vnc.pass
创建x11vnc自启动服务
创建 /etc/systemd/system/x11vnc.service,并写入以下内容
[Unit] Description=Start x11vnc at startup. After=multi-user.target [Service] Type=simple ExecStart=/usr/bin/x11vnc -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -forever -loop -noxdamage -repeat -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc.pass -rfbport 5900 -shared [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
启动x11vnc服务
sudo systemctl enable x11vnc sudo service x11vnc start
此时如果远程的主机上接了显示器,那么就可以在局域网通过VNC进行访问了。
为了能够保证远程主机无论是否有显示器,我们都能通过VNC进行远程访问,我们还要做下面的修改
创建默认的xorg.conf文件
sudo Xorg :1 -configure
此时程序会生成 /root/xorg.conf.new文件
我的默认文件内容如下
Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "X.org Configured" Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0 InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" EndSection Section "Files" ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" FontPath "built-ins" EndSection Section "Module" Load "glx" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Monitor Vendor" ModelName "Monitor Model" EndSection Section "Device" ### Available Driver options are:- ### Values: <i>: integer, <f>: float, <bool>: "True"/"False", ### <string>: "String", <freq>: "<f> Hz/kHz/MHz", ### <percent>: "<f>%" ### [arg]: arg optional #Option "Accel" # [<bool>] #Option "AccelMethod" # <str> #Option "Backlight" # <str> #Option "CustomEDID" # <str> #Option "DRI" # <str> #Option "Present" # [<bool>] #Option "ColorKey" # <i> #Option "VideoKey" # <i> #Option "Tiling" # [<bool>] #Option "LinearFramebuffer" # [<bool>] #Option "HWRotation" # [<bool>] #Option "VSync" # [<bool>] #Option "PageFlip" # [<bool>] #Option "SwapbuffersWait" # [<bool>] #Option "TripleBuffer" # [<bool>] #Option "XvPreferOverlay" # [<bool>] #Option "HotPlug" # [<bool>] #Option "ReprobeOutputs" # [<bool>] #Option "XvMC" # [<bool>] #Option "ZaphodHeads" # <str> #Option "VirtualHeads" # <i> #Option "TearFree" # [<bool>] #Option "PerCrtcPixmaps" # [<bool>] #Option "FallbackDebug" # [<bool>] #Option "DebugFlushBatches" # [<bool>] #Option "DebugFlushCaches" # [<bool>] #Option "DebugWait" # [<bool>] #Option "BufferCache" # [<bool>] Identifier "Card0" Driver "intel" BusID "PCI:0:2:0" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Card0" Monitor "Monitor0" SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 1 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 4 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 8 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 15 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 16 EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection
将此文件复制至 /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/xorg.conf
这个文件保证在主机上插有显示器的时候,系统界面能在显示器上正常显示。下面我们再给系统添加一个虚拟显示器,当主机没有显示器的时候系统就使用这个虚拟显示器。
Ubuntu20.04 VNC 安装与设置实现
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