英文文档:
staticmethod(function)
Return a static method for function.
A static method does not receive an implicit first argument.
The @staticmethod form is a function decorator – see the description of function definitions in Function definitions for details.
It can be called either> >>> class Student(object): def __init__(self,name): self.name = name def sayHello(lang): print(lang) if lang == 'en': print('Welcome!') else: print('你好!') >>> Student.sayHello <function Student.sayHello at 0x02AC7810> >>> a = Student('Bob') >>> a.sayHello <bound method Student.sayHello of <__main__.Student object at 0x02AD03F0>> >>> Student.sayHello('en') # 类调用的时候,将'en'传给了lang参数 en Welcome! >>> a.sayHello() # 类实例对象调用的时候,将对象本身自动传给了lang参数,不能再接收参数 <__main__.Student object at 0x02AD03F0> 你好! >>> a.sayHello('en') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#7>", line 1, in <module> a.sayHello('en') TypeError: sayHello() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given
2. staticmethod函数功能就是将一个方法定义成类的静态方法,正确的方法是使用 @staticmethod装饰器,这样在实例对象调用的时候,不会把实例对象本身传入静态方法的第一个参数了。
# 使用装饰器定义静态方法 >>> class Student(object): def __init__(self,name): self.name = name @staticmethod def sayHello(lang): print(lang) if lang == 'en': print('Welcome!') else: print('你好!') >>> Student.sayHello('en') #类调用,'en'传给了lang参数 en Welcome! >>> b = Student('Kim') #类实例对象调用,不再将类实例对象传入静态方法 >>> b.sayHello() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#71>", line 1, in <module> b.sayHello() TypeError: sayHello() missing 1 required positional argument: 'lang' >>> b.sayHello('zh') #类实例对象调用,'zh'传给了lang参数 zh 你好!以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我们。
Python基于staticmethod装饰器标示静态方法
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